Automation in the oil and energy sector, sometimes called oilfield automation, refers to the digital technologies used in many energy production processes. Automated processes help produce oil and energy more efficiency, more affordably, and in a manner that is safer for energy users and the environment. These automated processes can be included in exploration and drilling, production and refining, safety and retail, and more. Automation in these processes uses sensors and communication modules that create predictive and self-learning systems, which increase productivity, reduce operator error, and can use artificial intelligence (AI) to improve process control.